Klystron

ABSTRACT

This invention provides an improvement in a Klystron tube assembly including a tube portion installed within an assembled magnetic system, the tube portion having several chambers each of which contains interaction sections and vacuum-closed coupling openings from which coupling conductors can be extended to the exterior of the Klystron, the chambers being arranged between an electron gun and an electron collector, and the surrounding magnetic system producing an axial magnetic field directed essentially parallel to the axis of the beam of the electron gun. The improvement comprises recesses arranged in the magnetic system so that coupling conductors can be shifted therein to be perpendicular to the axis of the electron beam and means arranged on the chambers to have the coupling conductors attached thereto in a manner whereby the tube portion can easily be withdrawn from and inserted into the magnetic system.

0 United States Patent 1 ll l 3,716,746

Kraus 1 Feb. 13, 1973 KLYSTRON Primary ExaminerHerman Karl Saalbach [75] Inventor. Artur Kraus Munich Germany Assistant ExaminerSaxfield Chatmon, Jr. [73] Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin A c l Hill et 1 and Munich, Germany 22 Filed: July 22,1971 [571 ABSTRACT [211 App]. No: 165,100 This invention provides an improvement in a Klystron tube assembly including a tube portion installed within an assembled magnetic system, the tube portion hav- Foreign Application Priorily Dam ing several chambers each of which contains interac- July 24, 1970 Germany ..P 20 36 942.0 Sections and Vacuum-Closed coupling Openings from which coupling conductors can be extended to 521 US. Cl. ..3l5/s.35, 315/35, 315/535, the exterior of the Klystron, the chambers being 2 7 ranged between an electron gun and an electron col- [51] Int. Cl. ..H0lj 23/08 lector, and the Surrounding magnetic System P [58] Field at Search ..3l5/5.34, 5.35, 5.39, 3.5 ing an axial meghetie field direeted essentially Parallel to the axis of the beam of the electron gun. The im- [56] References Ci d provement comprises recesses arranged in the magnetic system so that coupling conductors can be UNITED STATES PATENTS shifted therein to be perpendicular to the axis of the 3,444,418 5/1969 Sarnezki eta]. ..315/535 x electm beam and means arranged the chambers 3,270,240 8/1966 Lavoo ..3l5 5.39 x to have the Coupling Conductors attached thereto in 3 3,317,780 5/1967 Ayers ..3l5 3.5 manner whereby the tube portion can easily be 2,945,155 7/1960 Chodorow... ..3l5/5.39 withdrawn from and inserted into the magnetic 2,843,788 7/1958 Peter 315/535 X system 3,244,920 4/1966 Yasada et al. .....3l5/3.5 X 3,593,059 7/1971 Sarnezki 315/35 6 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures ll ll PATENTEDFEBI 31975 SHEET 10F 2 ii I ATTYS PATENTED EB 2-173 3,716,746

SHEET 20F 2 Fig. 2

ATTYS.

KLYSTRON BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the Klystron tube assembly including a tube portion installed in an assembled magnetic system, the tube portion having several interaction section containing chambers which are arranged between an electron gun and an electron collector. More particularly, the present invention is related to a Klystron tube assembly wherein the tube portion can be easily removed from and inserted into an assembled magnetic system.

In most Klystron assemblies, with the exception of the type having periodic focusing with two lines of permanent magnets which oppose each other and are grouped around chambers perpendicular to the direction of the coupling conductors, the magnetic coil system which is required in most cases, and particularly in high-powered Klystron systems, is constructed around a tube consisting of the electron beam. The magnetic system is constructed around the chamber containing tube because of the large number of bulky coupling conductors to be mounted on the chambers. The attaching of the bulky coupling conductors onto the chambers of the Klystron make the assembly of the tube portion with the surrounding magnetic system constructed thereon very difficult and costly. This difficult and costly method of constructing a Klystron tube assembly is particularly disadvantageous and undesired in the case when only the tube portion of the Klystron needs to be replaced.

Accordingly, there is a need of means for constructing and assembling a Klystron tube assembly inexpensively and wherein the tube portion can be easily replaced in the assembled magnetic system. It would therefore be a substantial advance in the art if a means were provided for constructing a Klystron tube assembly whereby the tube portion can be easily removed from and inserted into an already assembled magnetic system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, an improved Klystron tube assembly has been developed according to the present invention whereby the Klystron tube portion can be assembled and easily inserted into the magnetic system. The present improvement is provided in a Klystron tube assembly having several interaction section containing chambers each of which have vacuum-closed coupling openings from which coupling conductors can be extended to the exterior of the Klystron, the chambers being arranged between an electron gun and electron collector, and the magnetic system surrounding the chambers producing an axial magnetic field directed essentially parallel to the axis of the beam of the electron gun. The improvement provided by the present invention comprises recesses arranged in the magnetic system so that coupling conductors can be shifted therein to be perpendicular to the axis of the electron beam and means arranged on said chambers to have the coupling conductor attached thereto in a manner whereby the Klystron tube portion can be inserted easily into the magnetic system.

It therefore is an object of the present invention to provide a means of assembling a Klystron tube assembly whereby the tube portion'can be inserted into the magnetic system of the Klystron assembly easily and inexpensively.

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, although variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, partially in section, of the Klystron tube assembly embodying the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the front section of a coupling conductor provided with a cap screw; and

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the front section of the coupling conductor arranged to be screwed to the Klystron chambers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. 1, a Klystron tube assembly is shown in sectional view which embodies the present invention. As shown, the Klystron assembly consists of a tube portion 15 inserted in an assembled magnetic system 6. The tube portion 15 comprises five chambers, 1 through 5, wherein the last chamber 5 from which the energy of the assembly is coupled out is shown as being larger than the other four chambers 1 through 4. Each of the chambers contain extended interaction sections (not shown) in which are delay lines 20 which are, as described below, respectively connected by means of a rod 18 with the inner conductor of a coupling conductor secured to one of the coaxial coupling studs 21 through 25 of the chambers.

At one end of the Klystron tube portion 15 is an electron gun 26 which produces or emits a beam 28 of electrons which passes through the various chambers in which the electrons are progressively bunched together in the successive chambers and emitted out of chamber 5 into an electron collector 30 from where the energy thereof is transmitted.

Surrounding the tube portion 15 in which are arranged the Klystron chambers, electron gun and electron collector, is the magnetic system 6. The magnetic system 6 consists of coils 11 grouped in packages on a supporting tube 7. The coil packages are separated by stacking gaps or recesses 12 having a width dimension corresponding to the diameter of the respective coupling conductors to be secured to the coupling studs 21 through 25. The recesses 12 are demarcated by plates 14 at the positions in the magnetic system corresponding to the decoupling studs 21 through 25. In order to maintain and secure the stacking gaps or recesses between the individual coil packages, members 13 are inserted inbetween the plates 14. The magnetic arrangement is enclosed in an outer tubing 8 which contains magnetic apertures 9 and 10 respectively at its opposite ends. At the positions corresponding to the decoupling studs 21 through 25, the supporting tube 7 and outer tube 8 are interrupted by recesses or coupling openings 12 through which coupling conductors can pass for the chambers 1 through 5 and be secured or screwed onto the decoupling studs 21 through 25. With the recesses positioned as they are in relation to the coupling studs of the chambers, the coupling conductors can be shifted and placed therethrough to be perpendicular to the axis of the electron beam 28. Also, with such an arrangement, the Klystron tube portion containing the electron gun 26, the interaction path composed of the Klystron chambers 1 through 5, and the electron collector 30 can be withdrawn from or inserted into the assembled magnetic system 6 through either of the apertures 9 or 10.

In FIGS. '2 and 3 there are illustrations of two embodiments of coupling conductors which may be used according to the present invention. In FIG. 2 there is shown a coupling conductor 40 which can be screwed onto the decoupling studs having outer threads. The coupling conductor 40 is provided with a cap screw 43 by which it can be screwed to a decoupling stud, such as the first Klystron chamber 1 which has a relatively small diameter.

- The cap screwed coupling conductor 40 comprises an inner conductor 42 mounted in an outer conductor 42 which is secured therein by means of a bored dielectric disk 44. In order to avoid refractions due to the impedance change at the place of the dielectric disk 44, the inner conductor 42 is reduced in its diameter. The inner conductor 42 is formed into its original diameter ahead of the support disk 44 by having a member 45 inserted and pushed onto the thinner inner conductor section ahead of the support 44. Surrounding the member 45 and the inner conductor 42, there is provided a spring eye bushing 46 which is provided with longitudinal slots 50 on both ends thereof. The bushing 46 is pushed clam'pingly over and secured to the member 45. As illustrated in FIG. 1, when the coupling conductor 40 is screwed onto the decoupling stud of the chamber, the free end of the bushing 46 is pushed clampingly onto an extended end 16 of a rod 18 mounted on a plate 17 in the chamber. As shown, the rod 18 is connected to a delay line 20. With the coupling conductor screwed to the stud, the front end 49 of the outer conductor 41 is in contact with the coupling stu'd with a ring surface which is designed to fit together and engage snugly with the coupling stud. The spacing of the frontal end 49 with the fitted area of the coupling stud is provided by a ring 47 which grips behind a shoulder 48 of the outer conductor 42, which shoulder extends inwardly and when the inner thread 60 of the cap screw 43 is engaged with the outer thread of the decoupling stud, the coupling conductor 40 is moved toward the chamber and connected thereto mechanically and electrically.

In FIG. 3, there is illustrated a coupling conductor constructed essentially the same as that shown in FIG. 2 with the exception that it is attached to the chamber with screws and not by means of a cap screw. This coupling conductor is preferably secured to larger chambers such'as chamber 5 which has a large diametered coupling stud 25.

As shown in FIG. 3, the coupling conductor has a rectangular flange 51 which is attached to the front end 49 of the outer conductor 41 and is provided with openings 52 for screws 53 which secure the coupling conductor to the coupling stud having corresponding openings, e.g., the decoupling stud 25 of chamber 5.

Toward the rear or bottom end of the coupling condu ctor the screws 53 may be guided and passed through the openings of a second flange 54 which is positioned outside of the screen tube 8 of the magnetic system 6 when the coupling conductor is secured to the decoupling stud. As indicated above, this kind of attachment of the coupling conductor is provided in particular for the last and largest Klystron chamber 5 which requires the coupling conductor of a large diameter.

The coupling conductor illustrated in FIG. 3 is preferable to the conductor illustrated in FIG. 2, because in order to utilize the cap screw coupling conductor on a large chamber, e.g. chamber 5, the opening 12 in the magnetic coil tube 7 would have to be unduly large and thus the magnetic field produced would be distorted. Also, when the cap screw coupling is being attached, too great of a rotary movement of the cap screw would effect the tube. In addition, if the cap screw coupling were used on a large chamber, too large a recess or opening 12 would be required between the coil packages and thus result in a loss of winding space for the coils and/or amperage windings.

The flange 51 utilized in the coupling conductor illustrated in FIG. 3 is preferably squared as opposed to being round because with a squared flange the recess'or opening 12 would be of less breadth and width.

As described above and illustrated in the drawings, the present invention provides the means for easilywithdrawing a used or spent tube portion from a Klystron assembly and for easily inserting a tube portion into the assembled magnetic system.

Although it is apparent from the above description that there may be modifications and revisions of applicants invention, it is submitted that such modifications or derivations are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a Klystron tube assembly including a tube portion surrounded by a magnetic system wherein the tube portion has several chambers each of which contains interaction sections having delay lines and vacuumclosed coupling openings from which coupling conductors can be extended through recesses in the magnetic system to the exterior of the Klystron assembly, said chambers being arranged between an electron-beam gun and an electron-beam collector and wherein the magnetic system surrounding the tube portion produces an axial magnetic field directed essentially parallel to the axis of the electron beam of said electron beam gun, the improvement comprising recesses arranged in said magnetic system so that the coupling conductors can be shifted therein to be perpendicular to the axis of said electron beam, and coupling conductors, each of which has an outer conductor arranged to be lockly connected to said chambers of said tube portion and an interconductor arranged to contact a rod mounted in said chambers and connected to said delay lines and extending through said vacuum-closed coupling openings of said chambers, whereby said tube is secured thereto in a manner so that said tube portion can be withdrawn from and inserted into said magnetic system.

2. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 1, wherein said inner conductors contact said rod by a bushing member axially slotted at both its ends whereby it can be secured to both the rod and the inner conductor.

3. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 2, wherein the outer conductor of said coupling conductor is connected to said chambers by threaded coupling studs on said chambers surrounding said vacuumclosed openings, and wherein the recesses arranged in the magnetic systems correspond to the threaded coupling studs on said chambers.

4. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 3, wherein the outer conductor of at least one coupling conductor is securely connected to the chamber by means ofa cap screw which is arranged to pass through said recess in said magnetic system and be screwed onto one of said threaded coupling studs.

5. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 4, wherein the vacuum-closed coupling opening of at least one chamber is surrounded by a flange which is arranged to have a coupling conductor screwed thereto by means of an opposite flange attached to said outer conductor.

6. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 5, wherein the flanges are rectangular and bored for screws in each of their corners. 

1. In a Klystron tube assembly including a tube portion surrounded by a magnetic system wherein the tube portion has several chambers each of which contains interaction sections having delay lines and vacuum-closed coupling openings from which coupling conductors can be extended through recesses in the magnetic system to the exterior of the Klystron assembly, said chambers being arranged between an electron-beam gun and an electron-beam collector and wherein the magnetic system surrounding the tube portion produces an axial magnetic field directed essentially parallel to the axis of the electron beam of said electron beam gun, the improvement comprising recesses arranged in said magnetic system so that the coupling conductors can be shifted therein to be perpendicular to the axis of said electron beam, and coupling conductors, each of which has an outer conductor arranged to be lockly connected to said chambers of said tube portion and an interconductor arranged to contact a rod mounted in said chambers and connected to said delay lines and extending through said vacuum-closed coupling openings of said chambers, whereby said tube is secured thereto in a manner so that said tube portion can be withdrawn from and inserted into said magnetic system.
 1. In a Klystron tube assembly including a tube portion surrounded by a magnetic system wherein the tube portion has several chambers each of which contains interaction sections having delay lines and vacuum-closed coupling openings from which coupling conductors can be extended through recesses in the magnetic system to the exterior of the Klystron assembly, said chambers being arranged between an electron-beam gun and an electron-beam collector and wherein the magnetic system surrounding the tube portion produces an axial magnetic field directed essentially parallel to the axis of the electron beam of said electron beam gun, the improvement comprising recesses arranged in said magnetic system so that the coupling conductors can be shifted therein to be perpendicular to the axis of said electron beam, and coupling conductors, each of which has an outer conductor arranged to be lockly connected to said chambers of said tube portion and an interconductor arranged to contact a rod mounted in said chambers and connected to said delay lines and extending through said vacuum-closed coupling openings of said chambers, whereby said tube is secured thereto in a manner so that said tube portion can be withdrawn from and inserted into said magnetic system.
 2. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 1, wherein said inner conductors contact said rod by a bushing member axially slotted at both its ends whereby it can be secured to both the rod and the inner conductor.
 3. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 2, wherein the outer conductor of said coupling conductor is connected to said chambers by threaded coupling studs on said chambers surrounding said vacuum-closed openings, and wherein the recesses arranged in the magnetic systems correspond to the threaded coupling studs on said chambers.
 4. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 3, wherein the outer conductor of at least one coupling conductor is securely connected to the chamber by means of a cap screw which is arranged to pass through said recess in said magnetic system and be screwed onto one of said threaded coupling studs.
 5. A Klystron tube assembly according to claim 4, wherein the vacuum-closed coupling opening of at least one chamber is surrounded by a flange which is arranged to have a coupling conductor screwed thereto by means of an opposite flange attached to said outer conductor. 